Search results for " Oligodendrocytes"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
Cytoprotective and antioxidant properties of organic selenides for the myelin-forming cells, oligodendrocytes.
2018
Abstract Here a new series of twenty-one organoselenides, of potential protective activity, were synthesized and tested for their intrinsic cytotoxicity, anti-apoptotic and antioxidant capacities in oligodendrocytes. Most of the organoselenides were able to decrease the ROS levels, revealing antioxidant properties. Compounds 5b and 7b showed a high glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activities, which were 1.5 folds more active than ebselen. Remarkably, compound 5a diminished the formation of the oligodendrocytes SubG1 peak in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating its anti-apoptotic properties. Furthermore, based on the SwissADME web interface, we performed an in-silico structure-activ…
Ultrastructural characterization of human oligodendrocytes and their progenitor cells by pre-embedding immunogold.
2021
Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system. They provide trophic, metabolic, and structural support to neurons. In several pathologies such as multiple sclerosis (MS), these cells are severely affected and fail to remyelinate, thereby leading to neuronal death. The gold standard for studying remyelination is the g-ratio, which is measured by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Therefore, studying the fine structure of the oligodendrocyte population in the human brain at different stages through TEM is a key feature in this field of study. Here we study the ultrastructure of oligodendrocytes, its progenitors, and myelin in 10 samples of human white …
Retinal myelinated nerve fibers associated with macular pseudohole
2008
We report the case of a 24-year-old woman who presented unilateral extensive peripapillary myelinated nerve fibers associated with macular pseudohole and bilateral low myopia. Visual acuity, slit lamp biomicroscopy, automated perimetry, fundus color photography, and optical coherence tomography (Stratus® OCT) were performed. We discuss the clinical findings and diagnostic details of unilateral extensive peripapillary myelinated nerve fibers associated with macular pseudohole.
Involvement of Kv3.1 potassium chanels in 7-ketocholesterol, 24S-hydroxycholesterol and C24 : 0-induced lipotoxicity on 158N and BV-2 cells : relatio…
2017
Potassium (K+) is involved in the regulation of cellular excitability, cell cycle regulation, cell viability, neuroprotection and maintenance of microglial and oligodendrocytic functions. Potassium dysfunction, described in several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease, may be a potential therapeutic target. The underlying toxic mechanisms of these neurodegenerative pathologies involve oxysterols, which are oxidized cholesterol derivatives, and fatty acids including those associated with peroxisomal metabolism. 7-ketocholesterol (7KC), 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC) and tetracosanoic acid (C24:0),…
Impact of 7-Ketocholesterol and Very Long Chain Fatty Acids on Oligodendrocyte Lipid Membrane Organization: Evaluation Via LAURDAN and FAMIS Spectral…
2011
International audience; In the context of multiple sclerosis and X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, 7-ketocholesterol (7KC) and very long chain fatty acids (C24:0, C26:0) are supposed to induce side effects respectively on oligodendrocytes which are myelin (which is a lipoproteic complex) synthesizing cells. The effects of 7KC (25, 50 mu M), C24:0 and C26:0 (10, 20 mu M) on cell viability and lipid membrane organization were investigated on 158N murine oligodendrocytes. Concerning 7KC and fatty acids (at 20 mu M only):1) cell growth was strongly inhibited; 2) marked induction of cell death was revealed with propidium iodide (PI); 3) no apoptotic cells were found with C24:0 and C26:0 (absence of…
Identification of calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) mRNA-expressing cells in normal and injured rat brain
2009
Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR), isolated for the first time from bovine and human parathyroid, is a G-protein-coupled receptors that has been involved in diverse physiological functions. At present a complete in vivo work on the identification of CaSR mRNA-expressing cells in the adult brain lacks and this investigation was undertaken in order to acquire more information on cell type expressing CaSR mRNA in the rat brain and to analyse for the first time its expression in different experimental models of brain injury. The expression of CaSR mRNAs was found mainly in scattered cells throughout almost all the brain regions. A double labeling analysis showed a colocalization of CaSR mRNA expr…
Peroxisomal and mitochondrial status of two murine oligodendrocytic cell lines (158N, 158JP): potential models for the study of peroxisomal disorders…
2009
International audience; In some neurodegenerative disorders (leukodystrophies) characterized by myelin alterations, the defect of peroxisomal functions on myelin-producing cells (oligodendrocytes) are poorly understood. The development of in vitro models is fundamental to understanding the physiopathogenesis of these diseases. We characterized two immortalized murine oligodendrocyte cell lines: a normal (158N) and a jimpy (158JP) cell line mutated for the proteolipid protein PLP/DM20. Fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and western blotting analysis allow to identify major myelin proteins (PLP colocalizing with mitochondria; myelin basic protein), oligodendrocyte (CNPase and myelin oli…